Nepal, cradled in the lap of the Himalayas, is a land of remarkable diversity, encompassing a rich tapestry of ethnicities, cultures, religions, and languages. This diversity enhances its enchanting landscapes, snow-capped peaks, verdant valleys, and profound spiritual allure. Celebrated as the birthplace of Lord Buddha and the gateway to Mount Everest, Nepal boasts a captivating history seamlessly intertwined with its breathtaking natural beauty. Each year, countless visitors from around the globe are drawn to Nepal, eager to experience its majestic mountains, tranquil lakes, ancient temples, and vibrant cultural traditions.
The nation’s tourism offerings are truly soul-stirring, from UNESCO World Heritage Sites in the Kathmandu Valley to the serene lakes of Pokhara, the wildlife-rich sanctuaries of Chitwan, and the thrilling treks in the Annapurna and Everest regions. Nepal’s cultural richness and renowned hospitality make it a melting pot of civilisations and a paradise for adventurers, spiritual seekers, and cultural enthusiasts alike.
In 2019, Nepal welcomed over 1.2 million international tourists, as reported by the Nepal Tourism Board. Visitors are spoilt for choice with accommodations ranging from heritage hotels and luxury resorts to eco-friendly lodges, homestays, and guesthouses, all designed to provide a comfortable and memorable stay.
Nepal, a Himalayan paradise nestled between India and China, is a land of breathtaking landscapes, rich traditions, and diverse cultural heritage. Known as the birthplace of Lord Buddha and home to the world’s tallest mountains, Nepal is a melting pot of spirituality and adventure. The country is home to over 125 ethnic groups, each with its own language, customs, and festivals. Major ethnic groups include the Brahmin, Chhetri, Magar, Tamang, Newar, Tharu, and Sherpa, among others. These communities celebrate a wide variety of festivals with great enthusiasm, reflecting Nepal’s deep-rooted cultural diversity. Dance, music, and folk art form an integral part of the country’s vibrant traditions.
Ethnic Diversity and Religions:Hinduism is practised by approximately 81% of the population, making Nepal the world’s only Hindu kingdom. Buddhism is also a significant religion, practised by about 9% of the population, with many traditions blending the two faiths. Smaller communities of Christians, Muslims, Sikhs, and Kirant followers add to the nation’s cultural mosaic. Nepalese society thrives on harmony among its diverse communities, with Kathmandu Valley serving as a microcosm of this cultural integration. Ancient cities like Kathmandu, Bhaktapur, and Patan showcase a confluence of Hindu and Buddhist heritage through their stunning temples, stupas, and monasteries.
Languages:Nepali is the official language and is widely spoken across the country. Additionally, over 120 regional languages and dialects are spoken, including Maithili, Bhojpuri, Tharu, Tamang, and Newari. In urban centres and tourist hubs, English is commonly used, facilitating communication for visitors.
Unique Cultural Practices:Nepal follows a patriarchal system, but women hold significant respect and influence in certain communities, such as the Sherpas and Newars. Festivals like Teej celebrate women’s resilience, while the Kumari tradition honours prepubescent girls as living goddesses.
The nation's unique calendar system, the Nepal Sambat, adds another layer of cultural identity. Nepal also boasts intricate crafts, including metalwork, wood carvings, and traditional Thangka paintings, showcasing its artistic legacy.
Fairs and Festivals of Nepal
Nepal, a nation deeply rooted in its traditions and spirituality, celebrates a myriad of festivals throughout the year, reflecting its rich cultural diversity. Each festival is a vibrant expression of unity, offering grand celebrations that bring communities together.
Dashain: The longest and most widely celebrated festival in Nepal, Dashain typically falls in September or October. It honours the victory of good over evil and is dedicated to Goddess Durga. Families reunite, homes are cleaned and decorated, and rituals include the exchange of blessings, tika, and jamara.
Tihar: Celebrated shortly after Dashain, Tihar is the Nepali version of Diwali, the festival of lights. It honours different animals, including crows, dogs, and cows, across five days. The festival concludes with Bhai Tika, celebrating the bond between brothers and sisters.
Losar: Observed by the Tibetan and Sherpa communities, Losar marks the Tibetan New Year, falling in February or March. Colourful festivities include mask dances, feasts, and prayers in monasteries, particularly in regions like Mustang and Solu-Khumbu.
Holi: The festival of colours is celebrated across Nepal in March. Known for its vibrant and joyous atmosphere, people throw colours and water at each other, symbolising the arrival of spring and the triumph of good over evil.
Buddha Jayanti: Celebrated in May, Buddha Jayanti marks the birth, enlightenment, and death of Lord Buddha. Lumbini, Buddha's birthplace, is adorned with vibrant decorations, and devotees gather to offer prayers and participate in processions.
Gai Jatra: Primarily celebrated in the Kathmandu Valley, this festival honours departed loved ones. Held in August, families commemorate the deceased with processions, masked dances, and humorous acts that reflect Nepal's unique cultural flair.
Indra Jatra: A Kathmandu-centric festival, Indra Jatra honours Lord Indra, the god of rain and the king of heaven. The eight-day festival in September features chariot processions, traditional dances, and mask performances, including the iconic Kumari Jatra.
Mha Puja and Newa New Year: Celebrated by the Newar community, Mha Puja marks the worship of the self, while the Newar New Year follows the lunar calendar. Festivities include intricate rituals, feasts, and cultural performances.
Teej: A festival for women, Teej is celebrated in August or September. Women observe fasting, dress in red saris, and gather to sing and dance, praying for the wellbeing of their husbands and families.
Maghe Sankranti: Marking the end of winter, this January festival is celebrated with hearty feasts of sesame seed sweets, molasses, yam, and ghee. It signifies the beginning of longer, warmer days.
Chhath: Popular in the southern Terai region, Chhath is dedicated to the Sun God and involves fasting, offering prayers, and rituals performed at rivers and ponds during sunrise and sunset.
Nepal’s festivals are a vivid celebration of its deep-rooted traditions and cultural harmony, offering a mesmerising experience to all who participate.
Must-Visit Places in Nepal
Nepal, a treasure trove of natural wonders and cultural riches, offers an unforgettable experience for every kind of traveller. From the snow-capped Himalayas to ancient temples and vibrant cities, Nepal is a land where spirituality and adventure converge. Here are some must-visit places in Nepal:
Kathmandu
Nepal’s vibrant capital, Kathmandu, is a melting pot of history, culture, and spirituality. Known as the "City of Temples," it boasts UNESCO World Heritage Sites such as Pashupatinath Temple, Swayambhunath Stupa (Monkey Temple), and Durbar Square. The lively streets, bustling markets, and traditional Newari architecture make Kathmandu a captivating destination.
Pokhara
Nestled beside the serene Phewa Lake and surrounded by the Annapurna Range, Pokhara is Nepal’s adventure hub. Known for its laid-back vibe, it offers activities like paragliding, boating, and trekking. Stunning viewpoints like Sarangkot provide mesmerising sunrise views over the Himalayas.
Chitwan National Park
A UNESCO World Heritage Site, Chitwan National Park is a haven for wildlife enthusiasts. Visitors can enjoy jungle safaris to spot Bengal tigers, one-horned rhinoceroses, and a variety of bird species. Canoeing and cultural performances by the Tharu community add to the experience.
Lumbini
The birthplace of Lord Buddha, Lumbini is a spiritual haven for Buddhists and peace seekers. The Maya Devi Temple, Ashokan Pillar, and monastic zones reflecting various architectural styles make this site a pilgrimage for tranquillity and enlightenment.
Mount Everest and Everest Base Camp
Nepal is home to the world’s highest peak, Mount Everest. Adventurers can undertake treks to Everest Base Camp for unparalleled views and a sense of achievement. Alternatively, scenic flights offer breathtaking aerial vistas for those with time constraints.
Bhaktapur
Known as the "City of Devotees," Bhaktapur is famed for its stunning medieval architecture, rich history, and preserved cultural heritage. Durbar Square, the 55-Window Palace, and Nyatapola Temple are highlights of this ancient city.
Bandipur
A charming hilltop town, Bandipur offers panoramic views of the Himalayas and a glimpse into Newari culture. Its preserved architecture, cobbled streets, and laid-back vibe make it an ideal spot to unwind and explore.
Annapurna Circuit
The Annapurna Circuit is one of the world’s most famous trekking routes, combining stunning landscapes, mountain vistas, and a cultural journey through Gurung, Thakali, and Manang settlements. The Thorong La Pass is a highlight of this challenging trek.
Nagarkot
Situated close to Kathmandu, Nagarkot is a perfect getaway for stunning sunrise and sunset views over the Himalayas. On clear days, visitors can catch glimpses of Mount Everest and other peaks from its vantage points.
Patan (Lalitpur)
Patan is renowned for its fine arts, intricate metalwork, and ancient temples. Patan Durbar Square, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, showcases exquisite architecture, including the Krishna Mandir and Mahaboudha Temple.
Rara Lake
Dubbed the "Queen of Lakes," Rara Lake is Nepal’s largest lake, surrounded by lush forests and the snow-capped Himalayas. Located in the remote Mugu district, it’s an offbeat destination ideal for tranquillity and pristine nature.
Gosaikunda Lake
A sacred alpine lake in the Langtang region, Gosaikunda holds religious significance for Hindus and Buddhists. Surrounded by snow-covered peaks, the lake is a serene destination for trekking and spirituality.
Tilicho Lake
One of the world’s highest lakes, Tilicho is a breathtaking destination located in the Annapurna region. The journey to Tilicho Lake is challenging but rewards trekkers with awe-inspiring views and pristine surroundings.
Dhulikhel
A picturesque hill station, Dhulikhel is known for its spectacular Himalayan vistas and traditional Newari culture. It’s a great spot for hiking, cycling, and immersing in the serene countryside.
Gorkha
The historic town of Gorkha is the birthplace of Nepal's unifier, King Prithvi Narayan Shah. The Gorkha Durbar Palace and temples like Manakamana and Gorakhnath are significant cultural and historical sites.
Each corner of Nepal offers unique experiences, making it a land of endless discovery and awe-inspiring beauty.
Nepal's cuisine is celebrated for its rich diversity and unique flavours, reflecting the country's varied topography and cultural influences from Tibet and India. The cuisine is an essential part of Nepal's tourism appeal, with each region offering distinctive dishes that tell stories of its people and traditions. Known for its liberal use of timur (Sichuan pepper) and abundant fresh herbs, Nepalese food offers a perfect balance of flavours and spices.
Must-Try Traditional Dishes:
Traditional Beverages:
Regional Specialities:
This culinary heritage reflects Nepal's cultural diversity and resourcefulness, making the country a fascinating destination for food enthusiasts. Each dish tells a story of tradition, community, and the rich agricultural heritage of this Himalayan nation.
Yes. At the Nepal border or upon arrival in Kathmandu, visitors can acquire a visa for Nepal.
One of the world's newest democracies, Nepal has a vibrant political scene with a wide range of political parties, personalities, and ideas. As a result, there may be considerable unrest in various regions of the nation. However, it has no impact on and will not have any impact on how people live in the other areas. The course of life continues unaffected.
The sole international airport in Nepal is Tribhuvan International Airport (TIA), which is located in Kathmandu. Direct flights between Kathmandu and important cities all over the world are offered by Nepal carriers, the nation's flag carrier, and other international carriers. As an alternative, you might go from India to Nepal.
Exchanging foreign cash with individuals or businesses that aren't authorised, including banks, lodging facilities, and licenced money changers, is prohibited. Banks in Nepal do not accept 500 and 1000 rupee bills issued by India. The Nepalese newspapers will list the exchange rates for various currencies. Keep your encashment receipts so that you can convert any extra rupees before you leave.
If your primary goal is to explore Nepal's cultural and natural wonders, you can have a wonderful trip in two regions (likely Pokhara and Kathmandu) over the course of five to seven days. To properly acclimate and travel to higher altitudes on a multi-day journey into the Himalaya, you'll need at least 10 days. 14 to 20 days are suitable for completing one of Nepal's lengthier, more renowned treks or for packing several destinations and activities into one trip.
You are allowed 10 kilograms of checked baggage and 5 kg of carry-on luggage on flights over mountains. The check-in weight is increased to 20–25 kg for aircraft that don't travel over mountainous terrain.
Nepal has a variety of weather, therefore it is best to dress comfortably and casually in both light and warm gear. Warm wool clothing is required in mountainous places, but cotton clothing is best at lower elevations. You can bring anything, and you can always dress comfortably. You can purchase Nepalese clothing if you forgot any of your clothes
Starting at 3, 000 metres and higher, the thin air at high altitudes causes acute mountain sickness (AMS), which can be fatal. The major trekking safety measure is to avoid climbing too quickly or high. Therefore, it is important to give the body enough time to adjust.
Immediately descend to a lower height and seek medical attention if you experience the earliest symptoms of a mountain sickness, which include headaches, shortness of breath, exhaustion, nausea, difficulty sleeping, swelling of the face, hands, and feet, and loss of appetite.
In the cities, there are battery-powered three-wheelers, rickshaws, metered taxis, and buses. Buses are used to cover long distances. There is no intercity railway network in Nepal. Road transportation is the sole alternative means of transportation; nevertheless, Nepal has excellent air connectivity. There are intercity tourist buses that travel from Kathmandu to well-known tourist locations like Pokhara, Chitwan, and Lumbini.
What do you intend to see and do during your trip? Taking into consideration your travel preferences, our destination consultants will offer recommendations. Most tourists visit Chitwan National Park, Pokhara, and Kathmandu. However, many include adventurous activities like rafting and hiking.
Nepal is a typically safe country with a low crime rate. Stay away from protests, rallies, and other public gatherings. Please take precautions when travelling abroad and be mindful of your surroundings. When travelling alone, use caution and ask your guide or agent about the safe and risky parts of the city. Additionally, always make sure your wallets are in enclosed pockets and your purse is zippered. Keep an eye out for distraction scams and pickpockets at the marketplaces. Additionally, please keep an eye on your bags at all times while visiting airports and train/bus terminals. On many of the main trekking routes, armed Maoists are present and demand a "tax" before letting trekkers through. Trekkers are recommended to stick to well-travelled paths and to trek in groups or with qualified guides.
Depending on your preferences, there are a lot of things you can bring home. Pashmina, Nepalese art and craft, and Nepali musical instruments like the Madal and Banshuri are among the best-known handicrafts from Nepal. Also, Nepali carpets are particularly well known among tourists. And the Thamel market is an excellent place for shopping for these items.
The Nepalese population majorly comprises people belonging to Hindu or Buddhist faith. They firmly believe in their traditions and appreciate respect by the visitors. Here are some common practices which one should abide by when visiting Nepal.
- When visiting a temple, make sure you go around it clockwise.
- Before entering a Nepalese home or a temple, remove your shoes.
- Keep an eye out for signs prohibiting entry to certain temples.
- Ask for permission before taking pictures of religious ceremonies or inside temples.
- You can shake hands with either a man or a woman, but you should never extend your hand first.
- Dress decently and refrain from any displays of affection in public.
The Nepalese people hold their culture and traditions in high regard. Along with the contemporary tendencies that are emerging here, the traditional religious practises are still practised. Here is a list of the main holidays and festivals so you can take advantage of both and leave Nepal with a richer experience.
- Mahashivaratri - Take in the splendour and glitz of the festival.
- Fagun Purnima or Holi, when people throw coloured powder into the air.
- Bisket Jatra, Bhaktapur's magnificent chariot celebration.
- Janai Purnima, the festival of love and purity, 6. Buddha Jayanti, the opportunity to experience the rich traditions of the nation
- Gai Jatra is an unusual festival.
- Indra Jatra – Offering for a bountiful harvest
- Teej, a Nepali holiday dedicated to women only
- Dashain, Nepal's largest celebration
- Tihar, the glittering Nepalese festival
- Lhosar, the vivacious Nepalese celebration
Given that Nepal is surrounded by China, Tibet, and India, these nations have a significant impact on the flavour of Nepalese cuisine. While Newari cuisine is well-liked in urban areas like Kathmandu, Tibetan Thukpa and beef are the specialties in highland areas with little agricultural production. These foods play a significant role in Nepalese cultural celebrations in addition to being a staple of their daily diet. Here are some of the dishes that one must try:
- Yomari
- Gundruk
- Tongba
- Sel Roti
- Newari pancakes
- Samya Bhaji
- Thukpa
- Choila
- Gorkhali Lamb
- Dal Bhat
The 'Entry Permit' that you get at the border is good for seven days. You must extend your visa at the Thimphu immigration office if you want to stay longer than seven days.